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France / Industrial

A voice waited on paper.

The phonautograph

In 1860, a phonautograph traced a sung voice onto a surface. Researchers recovered audible sound from that recording in 2008.

A recording can outlive the technology needed to hear it. A visible trace held the possibility of sound for almost a century and a half.

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Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville’s device made sound vibrations visible. The recording of “Au Clair de la Lune,” dated April 9, 1860, later became an important example of recovering sound from a graphical trace.

The First Sounds project released an audio file derived from the recording in 2008. It is a striking archival reversal: marks created to study a voice became a route back to the voice itself.

First SoundsÉdouard-Léon Scott de Martinville’s phonautograms

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